How do you do.
I will admit that three of my favorite holidays happen in the autumn season: Halloween, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Thanksgiving is the middle of the three is one of the few holidays, other than Independence Day, which Americans can safely call "our holiday."
The reason to why we call it is summed up by Linus of Peanuts: "Ours was the first country in the world to make a national holiday to give thanks" (A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving). In the history of Christianity, giving thanks is traditional, largely done during church. The idea of a holiday selected just to give thanks is completely novel.
A few things are needed to understand with Thanksgiving. Despite the common name we have on the story of it, the first Thanksgiving wasn't really done by the Pilgrims in Plymouth. There were, in fact, acts of thanksgiving done on this continent prior to 1621. The very first was done by Spanish explorers in another part of the continent. In 1610, the settlers in Jamestown Colony, now in Virginia, had their own Thanksgiving celebration. There was also one done by English settlers at Berkeley Hundred a few years later and it celebrated it until it was destroyed by the 1622 massacre and abandoned. The one done in Plymouth in 1621 is most famous and because the Pilgrims' plight matches with the American myth of leaving the Old World for freedom in the New, people consider this to be the first. It was Alexander Young who labeled it thus in 1841.
A second thing to bring up: I am using "Pilgrims" on purpose but the Pilgrims were in fact Puritans, though not the same sort who settled in what is now Boston. Puritans existed longer, a remnant of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th Century England. In the website, ushistoryscene.com, the basic information of the Puritans is this:
What they were doing was considered treason in England. During the times from when King Henry divorced Catherine of Aragon England witnessed religious persecution and oppression. Someone who dared to celebrate a certain way that the King or Queen did not approve was executed in horrible fashions. In this kind of atmosphere, religion had in what skeptics consider a tool for the powers that be and anyone who didn't fit in was destroyed. If one wasn't killed, he disappeared in the dungeons, walked the streets of London with disfigured faces, or was not allowed to walk among polite society.
Given this kind of world, it is no wonder the Pilgrims wanted to leave England. The Pilgrims fled to Holland and then to America. They were originally going to Jamestown which had been founded twenty years prior but were diverted to Massachusetts as it was closer after the Mayflower took some beating from sea storms.
One other thing to add on the Pilgrims, or Puritans, or whatever, is that not all of those people in black coats with tall hats who spoke like characters out of Shakespeare while seeing all things as sorcery that we see in the paints and school plays were Pilgrims. Some of the men on the Mayflower were men of fortune like Captain Myles Standish. Others included indentured servants, people who are given a free passage across the Atlantic in return for a set number of years of servitude. There were also crewmen of the ship itself, led by Captain Christopher Jones.
We celebrate Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November but history does not record the exact date that the Pilgrims did theirs. It apparently is sometime between September 21 and November 11, which coincides with the abandoned celebration of Michaelmas back in England (they were English, after all, not Americans). Since Michaelmas had not been celebrated in England since King Henry VIII severed ties from Rome, it is doubtful the Pilgrims put it there because of it. A more plausible reason to the time was due to the period of the harvest happening between those dates. Two eyewitnesses of the event recorded their words into their diaries, Governor William Bradford and Edward Winslow, both of whom are cited as primary sources in any research on the matter. You can look up "Of Plymouth Plantation" by Bradford and "Mourt's Relation" by Winslow for their testimonies. In the years prior to American independence, each individual colony had its own date of Thanksgiving. Then, in 1777, the Second Continental Congress declared two days of the year to be appointed as the Thanksgiving days, one of which was in honor of the victory at Saratoga. After the War of American Independence, Thanksgiving was mostly proclaimed by presidents, such as Washington, Adams, and Madison. These were not done in the fall but tend to happen after something grand, like with Madison's case being the end of the War of 1812. However, New Hampshire and Massachusetts set aside November 14 and November 28, respectively, as Thanksgiving day a year later. Both dates happened on a Thursday which started the tradition of it being on a Thursday. It was, however, in the middle of the Civil War that Thanksgiving was declared to be on the final Thursday, after a proclamation of President Lincoln. Apart from the time in 1939-41 when President Roosevelt moved it around to boost sales, it has been that way ever since.
Another thing to know is it wasn't the first of a series of land grabs as commonly believed. In fact, when looking into the story of "First Thanksgiving", it actually comes out peaceful. The Pilgrims wanted to be free of religious persecution and found a spot to reside in their exile. They did get the permission to reside in the spot they set up in a land that was also claimed by England. However, the common depiction of it as a family affair is romanticized. Most of those attending were men. According to Robert Krulwich, what was going on was the celebration of the alliance between the Pilgrims and Chief Massasoit. The women who partook in this were doing the cooking (and given the number of men involved that was alot of mouths to feed). It still appears as the one time in a history of genocide and feuding that two groups of people come together and had a peaceful celebration.
One thing people can find in the news of Thanksgiving is how it effects Native Americans, basically that it is a celebration of genocide. In reality, the only American Indian tribe involved with Thanksgiving was the Wampanoag. Everyone else had nothing to do with the event itself. One thing I learned with the celebration was that there was a tradition done by the Wampanoag that people living with them were to tribute the harvest to the main village. Since the Pilgrims were living along side them and England was far away, they had to give tribute to them. One could say the Pilgrims heeded the command: "Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesars, and unto God the things that are God's."
So all this became connected in our culture as a massive feast, with the common expected items as turkey, mashed potatoes, pumpkin pies, and cranberry sauce. The Thanksgiving done in Plymouth didn't have any of those things: pies were hard to cook with a lack of ovens and there were records of other sorts of birds hunted and used for meats. Some places in the US will have variants. My home state has people who replace the turkey with ham, pumpkin pies for lemon, and cranberry sauce for turnip greens. So don't be like Peppermint Patty at every Thanksgiving dinner. While women still cook up the dinner, these days, the entire family will pitch in, be it the daughter who lathers the bird, the son who sets up the table, or the husband who handles the oven. The Thanksgiving in Massachusetts had men do activities with guns whereas today men are satisfied with watching football. In fact, since the early 20th Century, the Thanksgiving Parade has been added to the tradition. Yet Thanksgiving can be a different day from what is commonly expected.
But the best thing I think about with Thanksgiving is the fascinating story of it. Once they got to America, the Pilgrims had only God to answer to and they prayed for Him to provide them during the cold winter. Many of those Pilgrims died from diseases and the cold while they stayed. Then God answered their prayers through Squanto. Squanto was a man whose people died when he was taken away. He returned to his home as an orphan and was allowed to live among Massasoit and his people. Squanto helped the Pilgrims in farming and hunting (using techniques like trapping animals with booby traps and using fish as fertilizer) and this led to a bountiful harvest. From that harvest, a community was born and, for a brief time, there was peace between two different peoples.
Thanksgiving is more than just food, football, parades, and dog shows, and a history of bad deeds. It is about people of different backgrounds coming together at the table and break bread together. It is a fitting tribute seeing people come together and be peaceful to one another, be they European American, African American, Asian American, Hispanic, Jewish, Sikh, Hindu, Muslim, Wiccan, secularist, feminist, young, old, male, female, everyone of different skin color, different faith, different creed, different political stance, different preference, different sex, different age, all sharing in the banquet. As a Catholic, I find it comparable in minor terms to the Eucharist, where all those who followed Christ are invited to partake in the Last Supper. If we can be like the Pilgrims and the Wampanoags, and learn to put aside our differences and help each other in the worst of times and gather to feast in the best of times, then perhaps, that would be the greatest Thanksgiving feast of all, one where there is peace on earth and good will to men.
A few things are needed to understand with Thanksgiving. Despite the common name we have on the story of it, the first Thanksgiving wasn't really done by the Pilgrims in Plymouth. There were, in fact, acts of thanksgiving done on this continent prior to 1621. The very first was done by Spanish explorers in another part of the continent. In 1610, the settlers in Jamestown Colony, now in Virginia, had their own Thanksgiving celebration. There was also one done by English settlers at Berkeley Hundred a few years later and it celebrated it until it was destroyed by the 1622 massacre and abandoned. The one done in Plymouth in 1621 is most famous and because the Pilgrims' plight matches with the American myth of leaving the Old World for freedom in the New, people consider this to be the first. It was Alexander Young who labeled it thus in 1841.
A second thing to bring up: I am using "Pilgrims" on purpose but the Pilgrims were in fact Puritans, though not the same sort who settled in what is now Boston. Puritans existed longer, a remnant of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th Century England. In the website, ushistoryscene.com, the basic information of the Puritans is this:
Puritans strove to be honest and godly in every aspect of their lives, from conducting their business in the city to running their country estates. They thrived on constant community with other Puritans, with two sermons on Sunday and multiple weekday meetings where they could parse sermons, pray, debate and discuss passages from the Bible. Puritans believed in predestination, which meant that eons before the world was created, God decided the fate of every person who would ever live on Earth, whether they would be saved by his grace or damned by their sin. Nothing could be done to change this judgment.They are considered a product of the reign of Queen Mary, who earned the nickname "Blood Mary" for executing anyone who suspected of being Protestant or was a Protestant. The nightmares of her reign, which consisted of people being burned at stake, is responsible for the Anti-Catholic nature of the Puritans and when Queen Mary died, they rejoiced. They flocked to London and welcomed the Protestant Queen Elizabeth. However, they felt she wasn't doing enough in removing the Papal influences in the renamed Anglican Church. Thus they branched off and became the Puritans who waged a holy war on the Church which climaxed with the English Civil War and the appearance of the Commonwealth. There were disagreements within the Puritans, some who would like to purify the Church from the inside out. Others, however, decided that the Church cannot be purified and it was best to start over. That was how the Puritans we now call Pilgrims came to be.
What they were doing was considered treason in England. During the times from when King Henry divorced Catherine of Aragon England witnessed religious persecution and oppression. Someone who dared to celebrate a certain way that the King or Queen did not approve was executed in horrible fashions. In this kind of atmosphere, religion had in what skeptics consider a tool for the powers that be and anyone who didn't fit in was destroyed. If one wasn't killed, he disappeared in the dungeons, walked the streets of London with disfigured faces, or was not allowed to walk among polite society.
Given this kind of world, it is no wonder the Pilgrims wanted to leave England. The Pilgrims fled to Holland and then to America. They were originally going to Jamestown which had been founded twenty years prior but were diverted to Massachusetts as it was closer after the Mayflower took some beating from sea storms.
One other thing to add on the Pilgrims, or Puritans, or whatever, is that not all of those people in black coats with tall hats who spoke like characters out of Shakespeare while seeing all things as sorcery that we see in the paints and school plays were Pilgrims. Some of the men on the Mayflower were men of fortune like Captain Myles Standish. Others included indentured servants, people who are given a free passage across the Atlantic in return for a set number of years of servitude. There were also crewmen of the ship itself, led by Captain Christopher Jones.
We celebrate Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November but history does not record the exact date that the Pilgrims did theirs. It apparently is sometime between September 21 and November 11, which coincides with the abandoned celebration of Michaelmas back in England (they were English, after all, not Americans). Since Michaelmas had not been celebrated in England since King Henry VIII severed ties from Rome, it is doubtful the Pilgrims put it there because of it. A more plausible reason to the time was due to the period of the harvest happening between those dates. Two eyewitnesses of the event recorded their words into their diaries, Governor William Bradford and Edward Winslow, both of whom are cited as primary sources in any research on the matter. You can look up "Of Plymouth Plantation" by Bradford and "Mourt's Relation" by Winslow for their testimonies. In the years prior to American independence, each individual colony had its own date of Thanksgiving. Then, in 1777, the Second Continental Congress declared two days of the year to be appointed as the Thanksgiving days, one of which was in honor of the victory at Saratoga. After the War of American Independence, Thanksgiving was mostly proclaimed by presidents, such as Washington, Adams, and Madison. These were not done in the fall but tend to happen after something grand, like with Madison's case being the end of the War of 1812. However, New Hampshire and Massachusetts set aside November 14 and November 28, respectively, as Thanksgiving day a year later. Both dates happened on a Thursday which started the tradition of it being on a Thursday. It was, however, in the middle of the Civil War that Thanksgiving was declared to be on the final Thursday, after a proclamation of President Lincoln. Apart from the time in 1939-41 when President Roosevelt moved it around to boost sales, it has been that way ever since.
Another thing to know is it wasn't the first of a series of land grabs as commonly believed. In fact, when looking into the story of "First Thanksgiving", it actually comes out peaceful. The Pilgrims wanted to be free of religious persecution and found a spot to reside in their exile. They did get the permission to reside in the spot they set up in a land that was also claimed by England. However, the common depiction of it as a family affair is romanticized. Most of those attending were men. According to Robert Krulwich, what was going on was the celebration of the alliance between the Pilgrims and Chief Massasoit. The women who partook in this were doing the cooking (and given the number of men involved that was alot of mouths to feed). It still appears as the one time in a history of genocide and feuding that two groups of people come together and had a peaceful celebration.
One thing people can find in the news of Thanksgiving is how it effects Native Americans, basically that it is a celebration of genocide. In reality, the only American Indian tribe involved with Thanksgiving was the Wampanoag. Everyone else had nothing to do with the event itself. One thing I learned with the celebration was that there was a tradition done by the Wampanoag that people living with them were to tribute the harvest to the main village. Since the Pilgrims were living along side them and England was far away, they had to give tribute to them. One could say the Pilgrims heeded the command: "Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesars, and unto God the things that are God's."
So all this became connected in our culture as a massive feast, with the common expected items as turkey, mashed potatoes, pumpkin pies, and cranberry sauce. The Thanksgiving done in Plymouth didn't have any of those things: pies were hard to cook with a lack of ovens and there were records of other sorts of birds hunted and used for meats. Some places in the US will have variants. My home state has people who replace the turkey with ham, pumpkin pies for lemon, and cranberry sauce for turnip greens. So don't be like Peppermint Patty at every Thanksgiving dinner. While women still cook up the dinner, these days, the entire family will pitch in, be it the daughter who lathers the bird, the son who sets up the table, or the husband who handles the oven. The Thanksgiving in Massachusetts had men do activities with guns whereas today men are satisfied with watching football. In fact, since the early 20th Century, the Thanksgiving Parade has been added to the tradition. Yet Thanksgiving can be a different day from what is commonly expected.
But the best thing I think about with Thanksgiving is the fascinating story of it. Once they got to America, the Pilgrims had only God to answer to and they prayed for Him to provide them during the cold winter. Many of those Pilgrims died from diseases and the cold while they stayed. Then God answered their prayers through Squanto. Squanto was a man whose people died when he was taken away. He returned to his home as an orphan and was allowed to live among Massasoit and his people. Squanto helped the Pilgrims in farming and hunting (using techniques like trapping animals with booby traps and using fish as fertilizer) and this led to a bountiful harvest. From that harvest, a community was born and, for a brief time, there was peace between two different peoples.
Thanksgiving is more than just food, football, parades, and dog shows, and a history of bad deeds. It is about people of different backgrounds coming together at the table and break bread together. It is a fitting tribute seeing people come together and be peaceful to one another, be they European American, African American, Asian American, Hispanic, Jewish, Sikh, Hindu, Muslim, Wiccan, secularist, feminist, young, old, male, female, everyone of different skin color, different faith, different creed, different political stance, different preference, different sex, different age, all sharing in the banquet. As a Catholic, I find it comparable in minor terms to the Eucharist, where all those who followed Christ are invited to partake in the Last Supper. If we can be like the Pilgrims and the Wampanoags, and learn to put aside our differences and help each other in the worst of times and gather to feast in the best of times, then perhaps, that would be the greatest Thanksgiving feast of all, one where there is peace on earth and good will to men.